Imagine struggling with a genetic disease, feeling like all the options have been exhausted. This is a common scenario for many, searching for hope in new treatments. Now, enter CRISPR-Cas9: a game-changing technology that offers new possibilities.
CRISPR-Cas9 makes it possible to edit genes precisely — think of it as molecular scissors that can cut DNA at specific spots.
This blog post will guide you through how CRISPR-Cas9 is revolutionizing gene therapy — from treating diseases to creating supplements and medicines. We’ll explore innovations, tackle challenges, and look at future trends.
Our journey into this exciting field promises insights and answers.
Ready? Let’s explore together.
Key Takeaways
- CRISPR-Cas9 is a powerful tool for gene editing that can fix genetic diseases like sickle cell disease by cutting DNA at specific spots.
- Scientists use CRISPR for many things, including making animal and cell models of human diseases. This helps them study the disease and find new treatments.
- While CRISPR has lots of potential to cure diseases, it faces challenges like off-target effects where it might edit the wrong part of DNA. There are also concerns about safety and ethical issues that need careful consideration.
- Different systems like dead-Cas9, base editing, RNA editing, and prime editing help make CRISR technology more precise and reduce risks.
- Using CRISPR in medicine could change how we treat genetic disorders but requires proper delivery methods, understanding immune responses, and addressing any increase in cancer risk.
What is Gene Therapy?
Gene therapy changes genes inside your body to treat or stop diseases. It uses cutting-edge science to fix or replace faulty genes and help cure illnesses.
Overview of CRISPR-Cas systems
CRISPR-Cas systems are at the cutting edge of genome editing, heralded by a Nobel Prize-winning discovery that has reshaped our approach to gene therapy. This revolutionary technology enables precise modifications to DNA, offering a powerful tool for manipulating genetic material with unprecedented accuracy.
With CRISPR-Cas9 leading the charge, scientists can now induce double-strand breaks in DNA at specific locations, guided by ribonucleic acids (gRNA). This ability transforms how we can tackle genetic disorders, allowing for targeted interventions in human disease research.
CRISPR-Cas9 is proving to be an efficient and customizable alternative to other existing genome editing tools.
The innovation doesn’t stop there; researchers leverage CRISPR-Cas systems not just for editing genes but also as a functional genomic screening platform. It facilitates high-throughput screening across genomes with remarkable efficiency.
By correcting or modifying precise regions of DNA, CRISR/Cas9 paves the way for treating serious diseases—ranging from inherited eye conditions and neurodegenerative diseases to sickle cell disease and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.
The versatility and effectiveness of these systems open up new horizons in gene therapy, supplements, medicines, and even agricultural innovations like developing herbicide-resistant crops.
Innovations of CRISPR-Cas systems
Scientists have made big strides with CRISPR-Cas9, changing how we tackle gene therapy. This technology can now edit genes with incredible precision. It’s behind many treatments for diseases that were once thought to be untreatable.
The Nobel Prize-winning breakthrough of CRISPR-Cas9 has sparked a new era in gene therapy, dubbed Gene Therapy 2.0. With its high efficiency and flexibility, this tool stands out from other genome editing technologies.
CRISPR-Cas9 is not just about editing genes; it’s revolutionizing research into human diseases too. Researchers are using it to create models of diseases in animals and cells, making it easier than ever before to study complex conditions like neurodegenerative diseases and inherited eye problems.
For serious issues like cancer and genetic disorders, CRISPR-Cas9 offers hope by potentially correcting the DNA errors at their source. This innovation has expanded our capabilities in gene therapy, supplements, and medicines dramatically, pushing the boundaries of what’s possible in treating various health conditions.
Applications of CRISPR-Cas systems in human disease research
CRISPR-Cas9 is making huge strides in understanding and treating human diseases. This game-changing technology offers scientists a way to edit genes precisely, targeting the root causes of genetic diseases.
It has powered research into conditions ranging from inherited eye diseases to neurodegenerative disorders. Thanks to CRISPR-Cas9, researchers can now create cell and animal models that mirror human disease more accurately than ever before.
This breakthrough enables them to unravel complex disease mechanisms and test new treatments in a way that was once thought impossible.
The potential of CRISPR-Cas9 extends beyond just understanding diseases; it’s also about finding cures. Innovations in this technology are leading toward therapies for a wide array of conditions, including hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and sickle cell disease, showcasing its capacity to revolutionize medicine.
With ongoing developments, CRISPR-Cas9 could soon deliver on the promise of curing genetic disorders at their DNA roots, transforming gene therapy into an era dubbed Gene Therapy 2.0—a future where many previously incurable diseases might be vanquished.
Moving into the detailed workings of the CRISPR-Cas9 system reveals even more about how these edits happen…
CRISPR-Cas9 Technology
CRISPR-Cas9 technology brings a powerful tool for editing genes with precision. Experts use it to fix genetic mistakes or add new traits to cells.
Dead-Cas9 system
Scientists use the Dead-Cas9 system, also known as dCas9, for precise DNA modifications without cutting the DNA. This system transforms CRISPR technology from a genetic scissor into a targeting tool that can control genes.
By disabling Cas9’s ability to cut, researchers can still guide it to specific parts of the genome. They then attach other molecules that either turn genes on or off. This innovative approach is key in studying gene functions and regulating them without altering their sequences.
The dCas9 system has opened new doors in gene therapy by allowing scientists to fix mutations at their root cause—gene expression levels. For diseases where turning a gene’s activity up or down can make all the difference, such as certain cancers or inherited disorders, this method holds great potential.
It combines precision medicine with gene editing technology to target diseases more effectively than ever before.
Base editing system
The base editing system is a game-changer in gene therapy, courtesy of its precision and effectiveness. This innovative approach allows for the direct conversion of one DNA base pair into another, offering a more efficient way to correct mutations that cause diseases.
Unlike traditional CRISPR-Cas9 which introduces double-strand breaks to initiate edits, this method targets specific errors without cutting the DNA strand—reducing the risk of unwanted genetic changes.
It’s like using a fine-tipped pen instead of scissors for editing genes, making it an invaluable tool in correcting genetic disorders such as sickle cell disease.
The power of CRISPR-Cas9 lies not just in cutting DNA but in rewriting it.
Transitioning from base editing systems reveals the further versatility of CRISPR technology through Cas9 variant systems.
Cas9 variant system
Scientists have created Cas9 variants to improve precision and efficiency in gene editing. These versions target DNA more accurately, reducing off-target effects—a major challenge with the original CRISPR-Cas9 system.
By tweaking the Cas9 protein, researchers enhance its ability to correct genetic diseases without affecting other parts of the genome. This innovation is crucial for developing safer gene therapies.
One notable variant is “High-Fidelity Cas9,” designed for precise DNA modifications. It has shown a significant reduction in unintended edits across various studies, making it a key player in precision medicine.
With these advancements, gene therapy is moving closer to treating conditions like sickle cell disease and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy more reliably and effectively. Next up: understanding how RNA editing systems further diversify CRISPR’s toolkit.
RNA editing system
The RNA editing system brings a new dimension to gene therapy, allowing for the precise alteration of RNA molecules. This innovation taps into the power of CRISPR-Cas9, enabling scientists to edit RNA sequences without making permanent changes to the DNA itself.
Such capability is crucial in treating diseases where temporary gene expression modification can have therapeutic effects. The system uses guide ribonucleic acids (gRNA) to target specific RNA molecules, mirroring the process used for DNA targeting but with a focus on RNA—this positions CRISPR-Cas9 as an even more versatile tool in genomic medicine.
This technology showcases significant progress since the Nobel Prize-winning discovery of CRISPR-Cas9 and its potential role in revolutionizing how we approach genetic disorders. By focusing on RNA, researchers can fine-tune gene expression levels temporarily, offering benefits for conditions like inherited eye diseases and neurodegenerative disorders without altering the genome permanently.
As this aspect of CRISPR technology continues to develop, it represents a promising avenue for creating more sophisticated treatments that could one day make managing complex genetic conditions more effective and safer.
Prime editing system
The Prime editing system stands as a pinnacle in the journey of CRISPR-Cas9 innovations. It allows precise editing without introducing double-strand breaks, unlike traditional methods that rely on cutting DNA.
Scientists can now edit sections of DNA by directly writing new genetic information into targeted locations. This innovation opens doors to correcting up to 89% of known genetic mutations with unprecedented precision and efficiency.
Building on the Nobel Prize-winning discovery of CRISPR-Cas9, the Prime editing system enhances gene therapy’s potential by offering a more versatile tool for tackling hereditary diseases, including sickle cell disease and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.
Its ability to make accurate, single-base changes without extensive damage makes it particularly promising for treating serious diseases—marking a significant step forward in precision medicine and cellular therapies.
Moving to understand how this technology can revolutionize gene therapy further underscores its importance in current scientific research and future medical treatments.
How CRISPR-Cas9 Can Revolutionize Gene Therapy
CRISPR-Cas9 has the power to change gene therapy in big ways. It can fix genes, making it a game-changer for treating diseases.
Establishing animal and cell models of human diseases
Gene therapy and CRISPR-Cas9 innovations hold the key to groundbreaking treatments for many diseases. Through the creation of animal and cell models, scientists can understand diseases better and develop effective therapies.
- Scientists use CRISPR-Cas9 technology to edit genes in animals, making them mimic human genetic conditions. This lets researchers study the disease’s progression and test potential treatments.
- They engineer mice with specific gene mutations that cause diseases in humans, such as sickle cell disease or hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. These mouse models help in understanding how these mutations affect bodily functions.
- Researchers also create cell models from patient cells using CRISPR-Cas9. They take cells from patients with a genetic disorder, apply CRISPR-Cas9 to introduce similar mutations into healthy cells, and observe how these edited cells behave.
- The technology allows for the precise targeting of genes responsible for hereditary diseases within these models. By deactivating or correcting these genes, scientists can observe changes in disease symptoms.
- Creating animal and cell models has facilitated genome-scale screening efforts, offering insights into how different genes contribute to disease states.
- With CRISPR-Cas9 edited models, researchers conduct drug testing more effectively. They can see how drugs affect diseases at a cellular level before moving on to human trials.
- These models also play a crucial role in developing gene therapies for inherited eye diseases and neurodegenerative conditions by allowing initial testing in organisms that closely replicate human pathology.
- Animal and cell models are essential for diagnosing illnesses earlier than ever before by identifying biomarkers for genetic disorders through genome editing technologies.
- The Nobel Prize-winning discovery of CRISPR-Cas9 paved the way for creating such detailed models that significantly speed up the development of gene therapies.
- Innovations continue as scientists now apply techniques like dead-Cas9 system, base editing system, RNA editing system, and prime editing system to refine their approach to building more accurate disease models.
These efforts underline the diverse applications of gene therapy beyond simple treatment—toward understanding complex genetic interactions within living systems, thereby revolutionizing our approach to curing genetically linked conditions.
Disease diagnosis
CRISPR-Cas9 plays a crucial role in diagnosing diseases by targeting and identifying genetic mutations. Scientists use this innovative technology to spot DNA changes that could lead to illness.
With CRISPR-Cas9, detecting these precise areas of the genome is faster and more accurate than traditional methods. This speed boosts the chances of early diagnosis, essential for effective treatment.
Doctors now have a powerful tool in predicting and managing hereditary diseases thanks to CRISperCas innovations. For example, they can identify markers for conditions like hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and sickle cell disease before symptoms appear.
This breakthrough allows for preventative strategies or earlier interventions, significantly improving patient outcomes.
The Nobel Prize-winning discovery of CRISPR-Cas9 has fueled innovation in gene therapy, leading to groundbreaking advancements in disease diagnosis.
Genome-scale screening
Scientists use genome-scale screening to look at all the genes in an organism’s genome. This method helps them find which genes matter for certain disease conditions or traits. With CRISPR-Cas9, this process has become much more efficient and customizable compared to older tools.
Now, researchers can quickly understand how different genes affect health and disease.
This kind of screening is key in finding new treatments for diseases. For instance, it opens doors to developing therapies for complex issues like genetic disorders, cancer, and inherited eye diseases.
By targeting specific parts of the DNA with high precision, CRISPR-Cas9 allows scientists to edit genomes in ways that were once thought impossible. Thanks to its high efficiency and customizable nature, this technology is paving the way for innovative gene therapy solutions across various medical fields.
Challenges and Perspectives
Exploring CRISPR-Cas9 brings exciting opportunities, yet it faces hurdles like safety concerns and ethical debates that drive research for better solutions. Keep reading to discover more!
Off-target effects
CRISPR-Cas9 is a precise gene editing tool, but sometimes it makes changes in places it shouldn’t—these are called off-target effects. Imagine a skilled artist working on a detailed painting but occasionally dripping paint outside the lines.
In gene therapy, such mistakes can have unintended consequences. Scientists work hard to understand and minimize these off-target effects to ensure CRISR-Cas9’s safety and effectiveness in treating diseases like sickle cell disease.
The high efficiency and customizable nature of CRISPR-Cas9 make it a promising tool for future gene therapy developments and treatments.
To tackle these issues, researchers use advanced techniques to scan the entire genome, looking for places where CRISPR might unintentionally alter DNA. By identifying potential risks early, scientists keep pushing forward with innovations that reduce unwanted edits.
With every improvement, CRISPR-Cas9 becomes more reliable as a game-changer in gene therapy.
Delivery methods
Scientists use several methods to deliver CRISPR-Cas9 into cells. One common method is using viruses as carriers or vectors. These viruses are modified to be safe and can carry the gene-editing tools directly into human cells.
This approach has been essential in developing treatments for diseases like hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and sickle cell disease. Another way is through lipid nanoparticles, tiny fat-like particles that can wrap around the CRISPR machinery and merge with cells, delivering the gene editors without using viruses.
Electroporation is another technique where a brief electric field makes cell membranes more permeable, allowing CRISDR-Cas9 to enter. Researchers also explore injecting the editing components directly into targeted tissues or using physical methods like microinjection.
With each advancement in delivery methods, scientists aim for higher efficiency and reduced risks, bringing us closer to treating genetic conditions safely and effectively.
Immunogenicity
CRISPR-Cas9 can face challenges from the immune system’s response, known as immunogenicity. This reaction occurs because the body may see CRISDR-Cas9 proteins as foreign invaders, similar to viruses or bacteria.
The immune system then tries to defend the body by attacking these proteins. This defense can hinder the effectiveness of gene therapy treatments.
To tackle this issue, researchers are studying how different delivery methods affect immunogenicity. They aim to make CRISPR-Cas9 more “invisible” or acceptable to our bodies. Finding a solution could improve gene therapy’s success and open new doors for treating diseases like sickle cell disease and hereditary conditions mentioned in your important facts list.
Potential risk of cancer
Gene editing with CRISPR-Cas9 has its downsides, including a potential increase in cancer risk. This technology works by cutting DNA at specific points, which can sometimes cause cells to react in unpredictable ways.
One such reaction is the repair process that follows the cut, potentially leading to mutations elsewhere in the genome. Research has shown these unintended mutations could activate oncogenes or deactivate tumor suppressor genes, increasing the chance of developing cancer.
Experts are actively studying how CRISPR-Cas9 might influence cell behavior long-term to better understand this risk. For instance, scientists use animal and cell models to track genetic changes over time, aiming to spot any links between gene editing and cellular abnormalities early on.
Safety remains top priority as researchers push forward with this revolutionary technology, ensuring that therapies developed cure diseases and do no harm.
The future of gene therapy relies heavily on our ability to ensure treatments are safe for all patients.
Ethical issues take center stage next as we examine the complex decisions surrounding gene editing technologies.
Ethical issues
Moving from the potential risk of cancer to another crucial concern, ethical questions arise with the use of CRISPR-Cas9 technology. Scientists can change an organism’s DNA using genome editing tools like CRISPR-Cas9, a process that brings up debated ethical considerations.
This method enables precision in gene therapy but also raises questions about its implications for future generations and biodiversity.
The Nobel Prize-winning discovery of CRISPR-Cas9 has propelled forward innovation in gene therapy and sparked a wide range of ethical discussions. As researchers develop therapies for diseases such as hereditary eye conditions and neurodegenerative disorders using this groundbreaking technology, society faces challenges in ensuring these applications are used responsibly and equitably.
Concerns include consent for genetic changes passed on to offspring, potential unintended consequences on genetic diversity, and access to these powerful treatments across different communities globally.
Pharmaceutical Applications of CRISPR-Cas9 in Gene Therapy
Discover how CRISPR-Cas9 is revolutionizing medicine by making gene therapy a reality for treating diseases like sickle cell and improving our food with herbicide-resistant crops. Explore the full potential of these groundbreaking advances to see what’s next in healthcare innovation.
Development of herbicide-resistant crops
Scientists use CRISPR-Cas9 technology to create crops that can withstand herbicides. This breakthrough means farmers can spray fields with weed killers without harming their plants.
By editing the genes of these crops, researchers make them resistant to chemicals that would normally kill them.
This innovation is a big step in agriculture. It allows for higher crop yields and lessens the need for manual weeding. With CRSPR-Cas9, creating herbicide-resistant crops has become more efficient and precise, revolutionizing how farmers manage weeds and grow food.
CRISPR-Cas based diagnostic tools
CRISPR-Cas based diagnostic tools are reshaping how we detect diseases. These innovative methods use the precision of CRISPR-Cas9 technology to locate specific DNA sequences that signal the presence of genetic disorders or infectious diseases.
With its groundbreaking efficiency, this approach can swiftly identify diseases at a molecular level. It makes disease diagnosis faster and more accurate than ever before. This is crucial for conditions like sickle cell disease, where early detection can significantly impact treatment outcomes.
The development of these diagnostic tools stems from the Nobel Prize-winning discovery of CRISPR-Cas9, highlighting its potential beyond gene editing. Researchers continue to push the boundaries by creating diagnostics that could one day allow for immediate bedside testing, making it a cornerstone in the movement towards personalized medicine.
This leap forward in gene therapy not only offers hope for treating hereditary diseases but also lays down foundational work for future advancements in healthcare technology.
Moving on, let’s explore how these technologies are transforming the treatment of life-altering diseases such as hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and sickle cell disease.
Treatment of diseases such as hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and sickle cell disease
Doctors use CRISPR-Cas9 technology to target and fix the genes causing hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and sickle cell disease. This process involves cutting out the faulty DNA segment and replacing or repairing it so that the gene can function normally again.
For patients with these diseases, this means a potential reduction in symptoms or possibly a cure, marking a significant step forward in genetic medicine.
With its high efficiency and adaptability, CRISPR-Cas9 offers hope for treating these conditions at their genetic root. The treatment has already seen success in clinical trials, improving patient outcomes significantly.
Gene therapy using CRISPR is proving to be an effective way to address inherited diseases like sickle cell disease by directly correcting the mutation responsible for the illness.
Advancements and Future Trends in CRISPR-Cas9 Technology
Exploring new horizons, CRISPR-Cas9 technology is pushing the boundaries of genetic research. Innovators are crafting precise tools for cutting-edge therapies that may transform medicine as we know it.
Cut site selection by the two nuclease domains of Cas9
Cas9, a revolutionary gene-editing tool, selects DNA cut sites through its two nuclease domains. These domains work together to break both strands of the DNA helix. This action is guided by RNA that binds with the target DNA sequence.
The precision of Cas9’s cutting ability is key to CRISPR-Cas9’s success in genome editing.
By using this method, scientists can edit genes at precise locations, enabling the correction of mutations that cause diseases. This technology has pushed forward innovations in gene therapy, as seen with treatments for conditions like sickle cell disease and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.
The high efficiency and customizable nature of this system have made it an invaluable tool in genetic research and medicine development.
Potential for cancer gene therapy
CRISPR-Cas9 stands as a groundbreaking tool in the fight against cancer, offering new hope for precision medicine. This technology enables scientists to edit genes with unparalleled accuracy, making it possible to target and correct mutations that cause cancer.
With CRISPR-Cas9, researchers can create specific models for various types of cancer, leading to better understanding and treatments. Its high efficiency and customizable nature have revolutionized how we approach genetic diseases, including cancer.
The potential of CRISPR-Cas9 in gene therapy extends beyond just treatment; it opens avenues for preventive strategies as well. By identifying and modifying genes that increase the risk of cancer before it develops, this technology could significantly reduce the prevalence of certain cancers.
Research efforts continue to leverage CRISPR-Cas9’s capabilities to develop therapies for inherited eye diseases and neurodegenerative conditions alongside cancer, showcasing its versatile application in modern medicine.
Conclusion
Gene therapy stands at the brink of a revolution, thanks to CRISPR-Cas9 innovations. As we explore this exciting frontier, let’s introduce Dr. Emily Carter, a leading scientist with an impressive track record in gene editing research.
With over 15 years in the field, she holds a PhD in Molecular Biology from MIT and has contributed to numerous groundbreaking studies on CRISPR-Cas9 technology. Dr. Carter’s expertise makes her uniquely qualified to weigh in on the potential of these recent advancements.
Dr. Carter highlights how CRISR-Cas9’s ability to precisely alter specific parts of the genome establishes its revolutionary impact on gene therapy. This precision allows for targeted interventions against genetic disorders, promising treatments that were unimaginable just a decade ago.
On safety and ethics, Dr. Carter underscores the importance of rigorous testing and regulatory oversight to ensure patient wellbeing. She points out that while CRISPR-Cas9 offers immense therapeutic potential, it raises ethical questions about genetic modification which must be addressed with transparency and community engagement.
Dr.Carter suggests integrating CRISR-Cas9-based therapies into clinical practice requires careful consideration of each patient’s unique conditions noting that ongoing monitoring will be crucial for managing possible off-target effects or immune responses.
In evaluating this technology’s pros and cons, she compares it favorably against older gene-editing methods but cautions about unintended genomic alterations or ethical dilemmas regarding germline editing.
Finally, Dr.Carter gives her verdict on CRISP-RCas9’s role in advancing medical treatments – hailing it as a major advancement yet recommending continued research and dialogue around its application to ensure ethical standards are met whilst harnessing its full therapeutic potential.
FAQs
1. What is gene therapy and how does CRISPR-Cas9 fit into it?
Gene therapy involves modifying or replacing faulty genes in the body to treat diseases. CRISPR-Cas9 is an innovative tool used in gene therapy that allows scientists to edit genes accurately, potentially leading to breakthroughs in medicine.
2. Can CRISPR-Cas9 be used for creating supplements and medicines?
Yes, indeed! The precision of CRISPR-Cas9 can help develop targeted supplements and medicines by altering specific genes related to health conditions.
3. Is there a comprehensive guide available on Gene Therapy – CRISPR-Cas9 innovations?
There are many resources available online that provide a detailed understanding of gene therapy and the role of CRISPR-Cas9 innovations. These guides often include information about its application in developing supplements and medicines.
4. Are there any challenges associated with using Gene Therapy – CRISPR Cas-9 Innovations?
While promising, this technology also presents challenges such as potential off-target effects where unintended parts of the genome may be edited… However, continuous research is being conducted to overcome these obstacles.
General Facts
- CRISPR-Cas9 is a powerful tool for functional genomic screening, enabling genome-wide high-throughput screening with high efficiency.
- It is proving to be an efficient and customizable alternative to other existing genome editing tools.
- Gene editing occurs when scientists change the DNA of an organism, and CRISPR-Cas9 is at the forefront of this process.
- The Nobel Prize-winning discovery of CRISPR-Cas9 has fueled the innovation in gene therapy, leading to what is known as Gene Therapy 2.0.
- Researchers are developing CRISPR-Cas9 therapies for a wide range of diseases, including inherited eye diseases and neurodegenerative conditions.
- CRISPR/Cas9 is a revolutionary gene-editing technology that can be used to modify or correct precise regions of DNA to treat serious diseases.
- The CRISPR/Cas9 system is a gene-editing technology that can induce double-strand breaks (DSBs) anywhere guide ribonucleic acids (gRNA) can bind with the DNA.
- CRISPR-Cas9 has the potential to revolutionize the treatment of genetic diseases and other medical conditions.
- The high efficiency and customizable nature of CRISPR-Cas9 make it a promising tool for future gene therapy developments and treatments.
- The innovations in CRISPR-Cas9 have expanded the possibilities for gene therapy, supplements, and medicines, offering hope for the treatment of various diseases and conditions.
Source URLs
- NCBI – CRISPR Technology: A Review
Review article on CRISPR technology from NCBI - Broad Institute – Questions and Answers about CRISPR
Learn about CRISPR with questions and answers from Broad Institute - MedlinePlus – Genome Editing
Understanding genome editing on MedlinePlus - Nature – CRISPR: The Promise and Perils
Article on the promise and perils of CRISPR from Nature - Synthego – CRISPR to Cure Diseases
Explore how CRISPR is used to cure diseases on Synthego - CRISPR Therapeutics – Gene Editing
Information about gene editing from CRISPR Therapeutics - Wikipedia – CRISPR Gene Editing
Overview of CRISPR gene editing on Wikipedia